Monday, November 24, 2014

Chapter - 05 - Writing Skills

E-mail Etiquette

Sending Emails:
·         E-mail includes a courteous greeting and closing.
·         Address your contact
·         Read your email out loud to ensure the tone
·         Be sure you are including all relevant details or information
·         using proper sentence structure
·         Review the Sender's email again
  • In most cases replying to the Sender alone is your best course of action.
  • check the address or addresses
  • Be sure your name is reflected properly in the From
  • Type in complete sentences
  • Never assume the intent of an email.
  • Always acknowledge emails
  • Be sure the Subject
·         Don't hesitate to say thank you, how are you, or appreciate your help!
·         Keep emails brief and to the point
·         End your emails with "Thank you," "Sincerely," "Take it easy," "Best regards"
·         If you attach then don’t forget to write and attach the file
Formatting Emails
·         Do not type in all caps.
·         Do not use patterned backgrounds.
·         Stay away from fancy fonts
·         Use emoticons sparingly to ensure your tone and intent are clear.
·         Typing your emails in all small case
·         Avoid using multiple font colors in one email.
Email Attachments
·         When sending large attachments, always "zip" or compress them before sending.
·         Never send large attachments without notice!
·         Never open an attachment from someone you don't know.
·         Be sure your virus, adware and spyware programs are up to date
·         It is better to spread multiple attachments over several emails
·         Make sure the other side has the same software as you before sending attachments.
To, From, CC, BCc, RR, and Subject
·         Only use Cc: when it is important for those you Cc:
·         Don't use Return Receipt (RR) on every single email.
·         Include addresses in the To: field for those who you would like a response from.
·         Include addresses in the Cc: field for those who you are just FYI'ing.
·         Make sure your name is displayed properly in the From: field.
·         Remove addresses from the To:, CC; and BCc: field that don't need to see your reply.
·         Always include a brief Subject.
·         Think about your motives when adding addresses to To:, CC:, BCc. Use your discretion.
·         Never expose your friend's or contact's email address to strangers by listing
·         Make sure when using BCc: that your intentions are proper.
Email Forwarding:
·         If someone asks you to refrain from forwarding emails they have that right and you shouldn't take it personally.
·         When forwarding email, if you cannot take the time to type a personal comment to the person you are forwarding to then don't bother.
·         Don't forward anything without editing out all the forwarding.
·         If you must forward to more than one person, put your email address in the TO
·         Be careful when forwarding email on political or controversial issues.
Email and Perception, Privacy, Copyright
·         Choose your email address wisely.
·         Try not to make assumptions when it comes to email.
·         Posting or forwarding of private email is copyright infringement
·         When there is a misunderstanding by email, don't hesitate to pick up the old fashioned telephone to work things out!
·         Know that how you type, and the efforts you make
·         If you forward an email that turns out to be a hoax
·         When filling out a contact form on a Web site, with clarity so your request is taken seriously.
·         Don’t expose your address to strangers without your permission.
Business Email:
  • Think of your business email as though it was on your business letterhead
  • Emailing site owners about your product or service through the site form is still spam.
  • When replying to emails always respond promptly
  • Formality is in place as a courtesy and reflects respect.
  • Be very careful how you use Reply to All and Cc: in a business environment.
  • Never send business attachments outside of business hours
Chat, IM, Texting:
  • Use Instant Messaging (IM) for casual topics or informational briefs.
  • Start by always asking if the person you are IMing is available
  • Practice communicating briefly and succinctly.
  • IMing is not an excuse to forget your grade school education.
  • If you are not a smooth multi-tasker, do not continue multiple IM sessions
  • Take into consideration who you are communicating with to determine
Social Media, Blogs and Forums:
  • Keep in mind when Tweeting, on Facebook that you are in a global arena.
  • When discussions get out of control; don't stoop to name-calling or profanities.
  • In forums, keep your signature file to no more than 2-3 lines.
  • Keep commercialism to no more than a link at the end of your comment
  • Stay on topic and discuss issues only relative to the topic in question.
  • Never give out personal information or specifics to your location on online
  • Keep in mind there will always be differences of opinion.
  • Be sure to down edit, or remove any part of the post you are replying
Email Considerations...
  • Before getting upset because you perceive someone didn't respond, check to see if their reply was inadvertently deleted
  • With emotionally charged emails, wait until the next morning
  • Feel free to modify the Subject:
  • When it comes to your email communications, know who you can trust
  • Take the time to review each email before clicking Send
  • Never use an old email to hit reply and start typing about an entirely new topic.
  • Always add the email addresses of Web sites and new contacts immediately
  • Before completing a Web site's Contact form; make an effort to review the site to be sure the information you seek is not already available.
  • Take a quick look at the e-mails in your Trash before you delete
  • Don't mass e-mail people who didn't ask to be on your personal "mailing list".



Friday, November 21, 2014

Chapter - 04 - Reading Fluency



Skimming and Scanning
(1)  Skimming:  Skimming is method of rapidly moving the eyes over text with the purpose of only getting only the main ideas and a general overview of the content.
(A) Skimming is useful in three different situations:
·         Pre – reading: Skimming is more detailed than simple previewing.
·         Reviewing: Skimming is more useful for reviewing text already read.
·         Reading: Skimming is most often used for quickly reading material that, for any number of reasons, does not need more detailed attention.
(B) Steps in Skimming an article:
·         Read the title
·         Read the introduction
·         Read the first paragraph completely
·         Read number of each subheadings
·         Read the first sentence of each paragraph
·         Read detail text that you looking for
·         Read the paragraph completely
(C) Skimming can usually be accomplished at about 1000 words per minute.
(2) Scanning: Rapidly covers a great deal of material in order to locate a specific fact or piece of information.
(A) Scanning is useful for finding specific name, date, statistic or fact without reading the entire circle.
(B) Steps in Scanning an article:
·         Keep in mind all the time, what it is you are searching.
·         Predict in what form the information is likely to appear.
·         Analyze the organization of content before starting to scan:
a.      If material is familiar or fairly brief,
b.     If the material is lengthy or difficult
·      Let your eyes run rapidly over several lines of print at a time.
·      When you find the sentence that has the information you seek, read the entire sentence.

Thursday, November 20, 2014

Chapter - 6 - Short Story - 02





Short Story 2: The Romance of a Busy Broker
 

About the Author & the Story
O. Henry (1862 - 1910), whose real name was William Sidney Porter, wrote some of his stories at the age of twenty when he was serving a five years sentence of imprisonment on some false charges. He has written about 600 stories in all and some of his stories are remarkable for their punch and irony. The sudden and dramatic twists at the end are almost unsurpassed in fiction. He was always in need of money because of his generosity. He died at the age of forty – eight due to overwork, tuberculosis and drinking.
The story tells us of the busy world of finance and stocking where you have no time for personal pleasures and a fulfilling family life. There is a touch of humor and irony in the way Harvey Maxwell was so absorbed in his workday world at office that he forgot he had married his secretary the previous night and proposes to her once again. As is usual with O. Henry’s stories, the last sentence provides the punch and dramatic turn. The reader is thus captivated and often remembers every O. Henry story he has read.

Story
Pitcher, personal clerk in the office of Harvey Maxwell, broker, allowed a look of mild interest and surprise to visit his usually expressionless countenance when his employer briskly entered at half past nine in company with his young lady stenographer. With a snappy "Good-morning, Pitcher," Maxwell dashed at his desk as though he were intending to leap over it, and then plunged into the great heap of letters and telegrams waiting there for him.
The young lady had been Maxwell's secretary for a year. She was beautiful in a way that was decidedly unsecretarial. She forewent the pomp of all alluring pompadour. She wore no chains, bracelets or lockets. She had not the air of being about to accept an invitation to luncheon. Her dress was grey and plain, but it fitted her figure with fidelity and discretion. In her neat black turban hat was the golden green wing of a macaw. On this morning she was softly and shyly radiant. Her eyes were dreamily bright, her cheeks genuine peach blow, her expression a happy one, tinged with reminiscence.
Pitcher, still mildly curious, noticed a difference in her ways this morning. Instead of going straight into the adjoining room, where her desk was, she lingered, slightly irresolute, in the outer office. Once she moved over by Maxwell's desk, near enough for him to be aware of her presence.
The machine sitting at that desk was no longer a man; it was a busy New York broker, moved by buzzing wheels and uncoiling springs.
"Well--what is it? Anything?" asked Maxwell sharply. His opened mail lay like a bank of stage snow on his crowded desk. His keen grey eye, impersonal and brusque, flashed upon her half impatiently.
"Nothing," answered the secretary, moving away with a little smile.
"Mr. Pitcher," she said to the personal clerk, "did Mr. Maxwell say anything yesterday about engaging another stenographer?"
"He did," answered Pitcher. "He told me to get another one. I notified the agency yesterday afternoon to send over a few samples this morning. It's 9.45 o'clock, and not a single picture hat or piece of pineapple chewing gum has showed up yet."
"I will do the work as usual, then," said the young lady, "until someone comes to fill the place." And she went to her desk at once and hung the black turban hat with the gold-green macaw wing in its accustomed place.
He who has been denied the spectacle of a busy Manhattan broker during a rush business is handicapped for the profession of anthropology. The poet sings of the "crowded hour of glorious life." The broker's hour is not only crowded, but the minutes and seconds are hanging to all the straps and packing both front and rear platforms.
And this day was Harvey Maxwell's busy day. The ticker began to reel out jerkily its fitful coils of tape, the desk telephone had a chronic attack of buzzing. Men began to throng into the office and call at him over the railing, jovially, sharply, viciously, excitedly. Messenger boys ran in and out with messages and telegrams. The clerks in the office jumped about like sailors during a storm. Even Pitcher's face relaxed into something resembling animation.
On the Exchange there were hurricanes and landslides and snowstorms and glaciers and volcanoes, and those elemental disturbances were reproduced in miniature in the broker's offices. Maxwell shoved his chair against the wall and transacted business after the manner of a toe dancer. He jumped from ticker to 'phone, from desk to door with the trained agility of a harlequin (clown).
In the midst of this growing and important stress the broker became suddenly aware of a high-rolled fringe of golden hair under a nodding canopy of velvet and ostrich tips, an imitation sealskin sacque and a string of beads as large as hickory nuts, ending near the floor with a silver heart. There was a self-possessed young lady connected with these accessories; and Pitcher was there to construe her.
"Lady from the secretary's Agency to see about the position," said Pitcher.
Maxwell turned half around, with his hands full of papers and ticker tape.
"What position?" he asked, with a frown.
"Position of secretary" said Pitcher. "You told me yesterday to call them up and have one sent over this morning."
"You are losing your mind, Pitcher," said Maxwell. "Why should I have given you any such instructions? Miss Leslie has given perfect satisfaction during the year she has been here. The place is hers as long as she chooses to retain it. There's no place open here, madam. Cancel that order with the agency, Pitcher, and don't bring any more of them in here."
The young lady left the office, swinging and banging itself independently against the office furniture as it indignantly departed. Pitcher seized a moment to remark to the bookkeeper that the "old man" seemed to get more absent-minded and forgetful every day of the world.
The rush and pace of business grew fiercer and faster. On the floor they were pounding half a dozen stocks in which Maxwell's customers were heavy investors. Orders to buy and sell were coming and going as swift as the flight of birds. Some of his own holdings were imperiled, and the man was working like some high-geared, delicate, strong machine--strung to full tension, going at full speed, accurate, never hesitating, with the proper word and decision, and act ready and prompt as clockwork. Stocks and bonds, loans and mortgages, margins and securities--here was a world of finance, and there was no room in it for the human world or the world of nature.
When the lunch hour drew near there came a slight pause in the uproar.
Maxwell stood by his desk with his hands full of telegrams and memoranda, with a fountain pen over his right ear and his hair hanging in disorderly strings over his forehead. His window was open, for the beloved janitress spring had turned on a little warmth through the waking registers of the earth.
And through the window came a wandering--perhaps a lost--odor--a delicate, sweet odor of lilac that fixed the broker for a moment immovable. For this odor belonged to Miss Leslie; it was her own, and hers only.
The odor brought her vividly, almost tangibly before him. The world of finance dwindled suddenly to a speck. And she was in the next room--twenty steps away.
"By George, I'll do it now," said Maxwell, half aloud. "I'll ask her now. I wonder I didn't do it long ago."
He dashed into the inner office with the haste of a short trying to cover. He charged upon the desk of the secretary.
She looked up at him with a smile. A soft pink crept over her cheek, and her eyes were kind and frank. Maxwell leaned one elbow on her desk. He still clutched fluttering papers with both hands and the pen was above his ear.
"Miss Leslie," he began hurriedly, "I have but a moment to spare. I want to say something in that moment. Will you he [sic] my wife? I haven't had time to make love to you in the ordinary way, but I really do love you. Talk quick, please--those fellows are clubbing the stuffing out of Union Pacific."
"Oh, what are you talking about?" exclaimed the young lady. She rose to her feet and gazed upon him, round-eyed.

"Don't you understand?" said Maxwell, restively. "I want you to marry me. I love you, Miss Leslie. I wanted to tell you, and I snatched a minute when things had slackened up a bit. They're calling me for the 'phone now. Tell them to wait a minute, Pitcher. Won't you, Miss Leslie?"
The secretary acted very queerly. At first she seemed overcome with amazement; then tears flowed from her wondering eyes; and then she smiled funnily through them, and one of her arms slid tenderly about the broker's neck.
"I know now," she said, softly. "It's this old business that has driven everything else out of your head for the time. I was frightened at first. Don't you remember, Harvey? We were married last evening at 8 o'clock in the Little Church around the corner."
 
Moral Value
Don’t always think that job is everything
Always remember your family
Be patient to face forgetful man
Don’t force yourself to work hard








Summary
Harvey Maxwell is a broker in the New York Stock Exchange. One fine morning he enters the office in the usual scheduled time with his young lady secretary who has been working with him for the last one year. Mr. Pitcher is the personal clerk in the office. He notices with curiosity that the secretary instead of going to the other room where her desk has been standing in the outer office. After sometime she even asks him whether Maxwell had asked him to look for someone else to take the place of his secretary. After sometime when Maxwell is quite busy with his work, Pitcher comes along and tells that he had brought one lady as was asked by him to be his new secretary. Maxwell looks up in surprise and says that his original secretary, Miss Leslie is very good and can continue as long as she wishes and plunges into his work again. The rush of the stocks and bonds, loans, shares and securities is going on till the lunch hour.
Just then the sweet smell of lilac comes into Maxwell’s room and he very well knows that the smell belongs to Leslie. He starts feeling a strong kind of attraction towards her. He dashes straight away into the inner room where Leslie was sitting and proposes to her right away. He says he loves her very much and wants to marry her. Leslie looks at him with utter surprise and did not say anything for quite some time. But when Maxwell keeps on declaring his love for her, tears start to roll down from her charming eyes. And with a smile on her pretty face, she says that Maxwell keeps himself so busy in his work that he forgets everything. Then she quietly tells Maxwell that both of them got married the previous evening at eight o’clock at the little church around the corner.
The analysis of the short story
The analysis of the story is depending on the element of story. The following analysis explained below:
(1)  Plot (2) Characters (3) Setting (4) Theme
(1) Plot
-  Beginning
One Fine morning Maxwell enters the office in the usual schedule
·   Rising action
Maxwell asked pitcher to look for another stenographer, it show when Ms Leslie ask “did Mr. Maxwell say anything yesterday about engaging another stenographer?” it’s actually Mr. Pitcher misunderstands call for a replacement stenographer to replace Miss. Leslie
·   Climax
Ms Leslie told to Maxwell, that he was so busy in his works so he forgot everything. Then she tells that both of them have got married in the previous evening at 08 o’clock at the little church around the corner.


(1)   Characters

Characteristic
Henry Maxwell
Miss Leslie
Pitcher
Physical
·  Expressionless countenance
·  Keen grey eye
·  Beautiful Softly
·  Shiny radiant
·  Dreamily bright eyes
·  Genuine peach blow cheek
·  Use grey dress and plain turban

Intellectual
Forgetful
Professional
Confidential clerk
Emotional
·   Impersonal
·   Brusque
·   Impatiently
·  Patient
·  Happy
-   Cry

Social
Forget that Leslie has been his wife
       - Not the air of accepting
luncheon invitation
·  Patient force her husband
·   Obedient
·     Misunderstanding with Maxwell about new stenographer
·     Construe Ms Leslie

Philosophical
Hard work
-          Wise Patient
-          obedient
 

 
(1)Setting
·         Physical Setting:
-          New York Stock Exchange
-          Maxwell office
-          Maxwell’s room
-          Inner office
·         Geographical location:
-          The office
-          The machine sitting at the desk
-          The desk telephone had a chronic attack of buzzing
-          There is a chair in the exchange
-          Inner office
·         Time
-          In morning
-          Previous day
-          On 9.45
-          Luncheon hour
-          Evening,08 o’clock
·         Social setting
-         High class: In this story the writer use third point of view, because he show all the character from outside. On the other hand the writer also became omniscient narrator, because he enters the mind of any character, for example: Pitcher, still mildly curious, noticed a difference in her ways this morning. It is show that the writer tells the reader directly what pitcher thinking.

(2)Theme
The theme of this short story is about love, because it tells about the romance of busy broker that very busy, then he become forgetful. Even, he can forget his wife, he ask his wife again to marry him. His wife actually very wise, she doesn’t angry what her husband’s have done. She was remembering again to Maxwell, that they have married at last evening at 08 o’clock.